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Tables and Charts

Conversion Factors

Pressure - Pumping Speed - Throughput - Outgassing - Weights and Measures

Converting Pressure
To Convert Into Multiply
atmosphere bar 1.01295
atmosphere dynes/cm2 1.01295 x 106
atmosphere in. Hg 29.9213
atmosphere in. water 406.86
atmosphere kg/cm2 1.03325
atmosphere mbar 1012.95
atmosphere mtorr or micron Hg 7.6 x 105
atmosphere Pa or N/m2 1.01295 x 105
atmosphere psi or lb/in2 14.696
atmosphere torr or mm Hg 760.00
bar atmosphere 0.9872
bar dynes/cm2 1 x 106
bar in. Hg 29.54
bar in. water 401.65
bar kg/cm2 1.0200
bar mbar 1000
bar mtorr or micron Hg 7.5028 x 105
bar Pa or N/m2 1 x 105
bar psi or lb/in2 14.508
bar torr or mm Hg 750.2838
dynes/cm2 atmosphere 9.872 x 10-7
dynes/cm2 bar 1 x 10-6
dynes/cm2 in. Hg 2.954 x 10-5
dynes/cm2 in. water 4.0165 x 10-4
dynes/cm2 kg/cm2 1.0200 x 10-6
dynes/cm2 mbar 1 x 10-3
dynes/cm2 mtorr or micron Hg 0.75028
dynes/cm2 Pa or N/m2 0.1
dynes/cm2 psi or lb/in2 1.4508 x 10-5
dynes/cm2 torr or mm Hg 7.5028 x 10-4
in. Hg atmosphere 3.342 x 10-2
in. Hg bar 3.385 x 10-2
in. Hg dynes/cm2 3.385 x 104
in. Hg in. water 13.598
in. Hg kg/cm2 3.4532 x 10-2
in. Hg mbar 33.85
in. Hg mtorr or micron Hg 2.54 x 104
in. Hg Pa or N/m2 3385
in. Hg psi or lb/in2 0.4912
in. Hg torr or mm Hg 25.4
in. water atmosphere 2.458 x 10-3
in. water bar 2.489 x 10-3
in. water dynes/cm2 2.489 x 103
in. water kg/cm2 2.5396 x 10-3
in. water in. Hg 7.354 x 10-2
in. water mbar 2.489
in. water mtorr or micron Hg 1.868 x 103
in. water Pa or N/m2 248.9
in. water psi or lb/in2 3.612 x 10-2
in. water torr or mm Hg 1.868
kg/cm2 atmosphere 0.9678
kg/cm2 bar 0.9804
kg/cm2 dynes/cm2 9.804 x 105
kg/cm2 in. Hg 28.958
kg/cm2 in. water 393.76
kg/cm2 mbar 9.804 x 102
kg/cm2 mtorr or micron Hg 7.3554 x 105
kg/cm2 Pa or N/m2 9.804 x 104
kg/cm2 psi or lb/in2 14.223
kg/cm2 torr or mm Hg 7.3554 x 102
mbar atmosphere 9.872 x 10-4
mbar bar 0.001
mbar dynes/cm2 1000
mbar kg/cm2 1.0200 x 10-3
mbar in. Hg 2.954 x 10-2
mbar in. water 0.4018
mbar mtorr or micron Hg 7.5028 x 102
mbar Pa or N/m2 100
mbar psi or lb/in2 1.450 x 10-2
mbar torr or mm Hg 0.75028
mtorr or micron Hg atmosphere 1.316 x 10-6
mtorr or micron Hg bar 1.3328 x 10-6
mtorr or micron Hg dynes/cm2 1.3328
mtorr or micron Hg kg/cm2 1.3595 x 10-6
mtorr or micron Hg in. Hg 3.937 x 10-5
mtorr or micron Hg in. water 5.353 x 10-4
mtorr or micron Hg mbar 1.3328 x 10-3
mtorr or micron Hg Pa or N/m2 0.13328
mtorr or micron Hg psi or lb/in2 1.934 x 10-5
mtorr or micron Hg torr 1 x 10-3
Pa or N/m2 atmosphere 9.869 x 10-6
Pa or N/m2 bar 1 x 10-5
Pa or N/m2 dynes/cm2 10
Pa or N/m2 kg/cm2 1.020 x 10-5
Pa or N/m2 in. Hg 2.954 x 10-4
Pa or N/m2 in. water 4.018 x 10-3
Pa or N/m2 mbar 0.01
Pa or N/m2 mtorr or micron Hg 7.5028
Pa or N/m2 psi or lb/in2 1.4508 x 10-4
Pa or N/m2 torr or mm Hg 7.5028 x 10-3
psi or lb/in2 atmosphere 0.06805
psi or lb/in2 bar 0.06893
psi or lb/in2 dynes/cm2 6.8927 x 104
psi or lb/in2 kg/cm2 7.0309 x 10-2
psi or lb/in2 in. Hg 2.036
psi or lb/in2 in. water 27.68
psi or lb/in2 mbar 68.97
psi or lb/in2 mtorr or micron Hg 5.171 x 104
psi or lb/in2 Pa or N/m2 6.8927 x 103
psi or lb/in2 torr or mm Hg 51.71
torr or mm Hg atmosphere 1.3158 x 10-3
torr or mm Hg bar 1.3328 x 10-3
torr or mm Hg dynes/cm2 1.3328 x 103
torr or mm Hg kg/cm2 1.3595 x 10-3
torr or mm Hg in. Hg 3.937 x 10-2
torr or mm Hg in. water 0.5353
torr or mm Hg mbar 1.3328
torr or mm Hg mtorr or micron Hg 1000
torr or mm Hg Pa or N/m2 133.28
torr or mm Hg psi or lb/in2 1.934 x 10-2

Converting Pumping Speed
To Convert Into Multiply
ft3/min L/sec 0.47195
ft3/min m3/hr 1.69901
L/hr L/sec 2.77778 x 10-4
L/min L/sec 1.66667 x 10-2
L/sec ft3/min 2.11887
L/sec m3/sec 0.001
L/sec m3/hr 3.6
m3/hr ft3/min 0.58858
m3/hr L/sec 0.27778

Converting Throughput Units
To Convert Into Multiply
atm.cc/sec Pa.L/sec 101.295
atm.cc/sec molecules/sec 2.6868 x 1019
atm.cc/sec torr.L/sec 0.7600
atm.cc/sec watt 0.10143
micron.L/sec Pa.L/sec 0.13328
molecules/sec atm.cc/sec 3.7219 x 10-20
molecules/sec Pa.L/sec 3.7701 x 10-18
molecules/sec torr.L/sec 2.8287 x 10-20
molecules/sec watt 3.7701 x 10-21
Pa.L/sec atm.cc/sec 9.872 x 10-3
Pa.L/sec molecules/sec 2.652 x 1017
Pa.L/sec Pa.m3/hr 3.6
Pa.L/sec torr.L/sec 7.5028 x 10-3
Pa.L/sec watt 10-3
torr.L/sec atm.cc/sec 1.31579
torr.L/sec watt 0.13328
torr.L/sec molecules/sec 3.5352 x 1019
torr.L/sec Pa.L/sec 133.28
watt atm.cc/sec 9.859
watt molecules/sec 2.5 x 1020
watt Pa.L/sec 1000
watt torr.L/sec 7.503

Converting Outgassing Units
To Convert Into Multiply
micron.L/(cm2.sec) Pa.L/(m2.sec) 1332.8
micron.L/(cm2.sec) Pa.m3/(m2.sec) 1.3328
micron.L/(cm2.sec) torr.L/(cm2.sec) 1 x 10-3
micron.L/(cm2.sec) W/m2 1.3328
Pa.L/(m2.sec) Pa.m3/(m2.sec) 1 x 10-3
Pa.L/(m2.sec) micron.L/(cm2.sec) 7.5 x 10-4
Pa.L/(m2.sec) torr.L/(cm2.sec) 7.5 x 10-7
Pa.L/(m2.sec) W/m2 1 x 10-3
Pa.m3/(m2.sec) micron.L/(cm2.sec) 0.75
Pa.m3/(m2.sec) Pa.L/(m2.sec) 1000
Pa.m3/(m2.sec) torr.L/(cm2.sec) 7.5 x 10-4
Pa.m3/(m2.sec) W/m2 1
torr.L/(cm2.sec) micron.L/(cm2.sec) 1000
torr.L/(cm2.sec) Pa.L/(m2.sec) 1.3332 x 106
torr.L/(cm2.sec) Pa.m3/(m2.sec) 1333.2
torr.L/(cm2.sec) W/m2 1333.2
W/m2 micron.L/(cm2.sec) 0.75
W/m2 Pa.L/(m2.sec) 1000
W/m2 Pa.m3/(m2.sec) 1
W/m2 torr.L/(cm2.sec) 7.50 x 10-4

Converting Weights and Measures
To Convert Into Multiply
ampere-turn gilbert 1.257
ampere-turn/cm ampere-turn/in 2.54
ampere-turn/in gilbert/cm 0.495
ampere-turn/in ampere-turn/cm 0.3937
ampere/cm2 ampere/in2 6.452
angstrom microinch 0.00393
angstrom millimicron 0.1
angstrom cm 10-8
angstrom nanometer 0.1
angstrom micron 10-4
b/mil ft grams/cm3 2.306 x 106
Btu joule 1054
Btu kilowatt-hour 2.929 x 10-4
Btu ft-lb 777.6
Btu/minute watt 17.57
calorie (kg) joule 4184
calorie (kg) Btu 3.968
calorie (kg) horsepower hr. 1.558 x 10-3
calorie (kg) ft-lb 3086
calories (kg) kilowatt-hour 1.162 x 10-3
circular mil cm2 5.067 x 10-6
circular mil in2 7.854 x 10-7
circular mil sq mil 0.7854
cm mil 393.7
cm inch 0.3937
cm angstrom 108
cm2 ft2 1.076 x 10-3
cm2 circular mil 1.974 x 105
cm2 in2 0.155
cm3 gallon 2.642 x 10-4
cm3 in3 6.102 x 10-2
cm3 quarts (liquid) 1.057 x 10-3
cm3 liter 10-3
cm3 ft3 3.531 x 10-5
cm3 pints (liquid) 2.113 x 10-3
coulombs/in2 coulombs/cm2 0.155
degree (angle) minute 60
degree (angle) second 3600
degree (angle) radian 0.01745
degree/sec radian/sec 0.01745
degree/sec revolution/sec 0.002778
degree/sec rpm 0.1667
dyne pound 2.248 x 10-6
dyne gram 1.020 x 10-3
dynes/cm2 bar 1 x 10-6
erg dyne-cm 1
erg kg-meter 1.020 x 10-8
erg gram-cm 1.020 x 10-3
erg ft-lb 7.376 x 10-8
erg kg-calorie 2.390 x 10-11
erg joule 10-7
erg Btu 9.486 x 10-11
ergs/sec Btu/min 5.691 x 10-9
ergs/sec kilowatt 10-10
ergs/sec ft-lb/min 4.42 x 10-6
feet cm 30.48
feet meter 0.3048
ft-lb meter-kilogram 0.1383
ft-lb cm-gram 13.826
ft-lb cm-dyne 1.356 x 107
ft2 in2 144
ft2 m2 0.0929
ft2 cm2 929.0
ft3 lb. water 62.4
ft3 liter 28.32
ft3 pint (liquid) 59.84
ft3 cm3 2.832 x 104
ft3 in3 1728
ft3 m3 0.02832
ft3 quart (liquid) 29.92
ft3 gallon 7.481
ft3 yd3 0.03704
ft3/min gallon/sec 0.1247
ft3/min cm3/sec 471.9
ft3/min liter/sec 0.4719
gallon quart (liquid) 4
gallon liter 3.785
gallon cm3 3785
gallon pint (liquid) 8
gallon ft3 0.1337
gallon lb. water 8.34
gallon in3 231
gallon m3 3.785 x 10-3
gallon/min liter/sec 0.064
gallon/min ft3/sec 2.228 x 10-3
gauss lines/in2 6.452
gilbert ampere-turn 0.7958
gram oz 0.03527
gram dyne 980.7
gram lb 2.205 x 10-3
gram-calorie Btu 3.968 x 10-3
gram-cm kg-meter 10-5
gram-cm joule 9.807 x 10-5
gram-cm ft-lb 7.233 x 10-5
gram-cm erg 980.7
gram-cm Btu 9.302 x 10-8
gram-cm kg-calorie 2.344 x 10-8
gram/cm lb/in 5.6 x 10-3
gram/cm3 lb/circular mil ft 3.405 x 10-7
gram/cm3 lb/in3 0.03613
gram/cm3 lb/ft3 62.43
horsepower horsepower
(metric) 		1.014
horsepower watt 745.7
in2 ft2 6.944 x 10-3
in2 cm2 6.452
in2 sq mil 106
in2 mm2 645.2
in2 circular mil 1.273 x 106
in3 pint (liquid) 0.0346322
in3 quart (liquid) 0.01732
in3 liter 1.639 x 10-2
in3 gallon 4.329 x 10-3
in3 m3 1.639 x 10-5
in3 ft3 5.787 x 10-4
in3 cm3 16.39
inch angstrom 2.54 x 108
inch cm 2.54
joule watt-hour 2.778 x 10-4
joule kg-meter 0.1020
joule kg-calorie 2.390 x 10-4
joule ft-lb 0.7377
joule erg 107
joule Btu 9.486 x 10-4
kilogram tons (short) 1.102 x 10-3
kilogram lb 2.2046
kilogram (force) dyne 980,665
kilogram-meter kilowatt-hour 2.724 x 10-6
kiloline maxwell 103
kilometer mile 0.6214
kilometer feet 3281
kilowatt ft-lb/sec 737.6
kilowatt ft-lb/min 4.425 x 104
kilowatt Btu/minute 56.92
kilowatt-hour kilogram-meter 3.671 x 105
kilowatt-hour joule 3.6 x 106
kilowatt-hour ft-lb 2.655 x 106
kilowatt-hour Btu 3415
km/hour m/min 16.67
km/hour mile/hour 0.6214
km/hour ft/sec 0.9113
km/hour ft/min 54.68
km/hour cm/sec 27.78
km2 ft2 1.076 x 107
lb water gallon 0.1198
lb water in3 27.68
lb water ft3 0.01602
lb water/min ft3/sec 2.669 x 10-4
lb/ft kg/meter 1.488
lb/ft2 kg/m2 4.882
lb/ft2 ft. water 0.01602
lb/ft2 lb/in2 6.944 x 10-3
lb/in grams/cm 178.6
lb/in.2 lb/ft2 144
lb/in.2 kg/m2 703.1
lb/in.2 in. Hg 2.036
lb/in.2 ft. water 2.307
lb/in.2 atmosphere 0.06804
lines/cm2 gauss 1
lines/in2 gauss 0.155
liter quart (liquid) 1.057
liter pint (liquid) 2.113
liter gallon 0.2642
liter in3 61.02
liter ft3 0.03531
liter/min gallon/sec 4.403 x 10-3
liter/min ft3/sec 5.885 x 10-4
lumen/ft2 foot-candle 1
m/min miles/hour 0.03728
m/min km/hour 0.06
m/min ft/sec 0.05468
m/sec miles/min 0.03728
m/sec km/min 0.06
m/sec km/hr 3.6
m/sec ft/sec 3.281
m/sec ft/min 196.8
m/sec miles/hour 2.237
m2 sq mile 3.861 x 10-7
m2 ft2 10.764
m3 quarts (liquid) 1057
m3 pints (liquid) 2113
m3 gallon 264.2
m3 in3 61,024
m3 ft3 35.31
m3 cm3 106
maxwell kiloline 10-3
megaline maxwell 106
meter inch 39.37
meter feet 3.2808
meter angstrom 1010
mhos/mil ft megmhos/in3 15.28
mhos/mil ft megmhos/cm3 6.015
microhm/cm3 ohms/mil ft 6.015
microhm/cm3 microhms/in3 0.3937
microhm/in3 microhm/cm3 2.54
microinch angstrom 254
micromicron angstrom 0.01
micron angstrom 10,000
mil inch 10-3
mil cm 0.0025
milliliter cm3 1.0
millimeter mil 39.37
millimeter micron 1000
millimeter inch 0.03937
millimeter angstrom 107
millimicron angstrom 10
minute seconds (angle) 60
minutes (angle) radian 2.909 x 10-4
mm2 in2 1.55 x 10-3
mm2 cm2 0.01
mm2 circular mil 1.974 x 103
nanometer micron 10-3
ohms/mil ft microhm/in3 0.06524
ohms/mil ft microhm/cm3 0.1662
ounces (fluid) liter 0.02957
ounces (fluid) in3 1.805
oz/in2 psi 0.0625
pints (liquid) in3 28.88
pints (dry) in3 33.6
pound oz 16
pound gram 453.6
pound (force) dyne 444,823
quadrants (angle) radian 1.571
quadrants (angle) minute 5400
quadrants (angle) degree 90
quart fluid ounce 32
quarts (liquid) in3 57.75
quarts (dry) in3 67.2
radian degrees/sec 57.3
radian quandrant 0.637
radian minute 3438
radian degree 57.3
radians/sec revolutions/sec 0.1592
radians/sec rpm 9.549
revolution radian 6.283
revolution quadrant 4
revolution degree 360
revolutions/sec rpm 60
revolutions/sec radians/sec 6.283
revolutions/sec degrees/sec 360
rpm revolutions/sec 0.01667
rpm radians/sec 0.1047
rpm degrees/sec 6
seconds (angle) radian 4.848 x 10-6
spheres (solid angle) steradian 12.57
spherical rt. angle steradian 1.571
spherical rt. angle sphere 0.125
spherical rt. angle hemisphere 0.25
steradian sphere 0.07958
steradian hemisphere 0.1592
stere liter 103
tons (short) lb 2000
tons (short) kg 907.2
tons (metric) lb 2205
tons (metric) kg 103
tons (long) lb 2240
tons (long) kg 1016
watt kilowatt 10-3
watt ft-lb/sec 0.7376
watt ft-lb/min 44.25
watt ergs/sec 107
watt Btu/min 0.05692
watt-hour kilogram-meter 367.1
watt-hour ft-lb 2655
watt-hour Btu 3.414
weber maxwell 108